Eminyakeni yamuva nje, impikiswano yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki idonsele ukunakwa okugcwele emhlabeni wonke. Ukubhekana nalolu daba, izikhwama zepulasitiki ze-biodegramable zithathwa njengenye indlela esebenzayo njengoba zinciphisa izingozi zezemvelo ngesikhathi senqubo yokubola. Kodwa-ke, ukuqina kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezingenakubonwa nazo zikhulise ukukhathazeka nezimpikiswano ezithile.
Okokuqala, kudingeka siqonde ukuthi yiniisikhwama sepulasitiki esibonakalayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhwama zepulasitiki zendabuko, inesici esimangazayo, okungukuthi, ingaboshelwa ibe ngama-molecule amancane ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile (njengokushisa okuphezulu, lapho kunciphisa umthelela emvelweni. Lawa ma-molecule angaphinde ahlukaniswe ngamanzi kanye nekhabhoni dioksijini endaweni yemvelo.
Izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingokonakala zehlisa inkinga yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki ngesikhathi senqubo yokubola, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kusenezinkinga ezithile ngomjikelezo wazo wokuphila. Kusuka ekukhiqizweni kuya ekuvuseleleni kabusha nokulahlwa, kusekhona uchungechunge lwezinselelo.
Okokuqala, ukukhiqiza izikhwama zepulasitiki ze-biodegradable kudinga amandla amaningi nezinsizakusebenza. Yize kusetshenziswa ezinye izinsiza ze-bio-based bio kwinqubo yokukhiqiza, kusadinga ukusebenzisa amanzi amaningi, umhlaba namakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphuma kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nakho kuyinto ekhathazayo.
Okwesibili, ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha kanye nokulahlwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ze-biodegramable futhi zibhekene nobunzima obuthile. Kusukela amapulasitiki angcolile adinga izimo ezithile zemvelo ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhomba, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezikhwama zepulasitiki ezingokoqobo zingadinga izindlela ezihlukile zokulahla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma lezi zikhwama zepulasitiki zibekwa ngephutha kudoti ojwayelekile noma zixutshwe nemfucuza ephindaphindekayo, zizoba nomthelela omubi kulo lonke uhlelo lokuphinda usebenzise kabusha kanye nokulungisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijubane lokubola kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ze-biodegradable selibangele nempikiswano. Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi ezinye izikhwama zepulasitiki ze-biodegramable zithatha isikhathi eside ukubola ngokuphelele, futhi kungathatha iminyaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi, bangadala ukulimala okuthile nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Ephendula lezinkinga ezingenhla, amanye amabhizinisi nezikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi seziqale ukuthuthukisa ezinye izindlela ezinobungane ezemvelo. Isibonelo, ezinye izinto ezenzelwe ama-bio, amapulasitiki avuselelekayo, nama-bioplastics angcolile afundwe kabanzi futhi asetshenziswa. Lezi zinto ezintsha zinganciphisa ukulimala kwemvelo ngesikhathi senqubo yokubola, futhi ukuphuma kwekhabhoni kwinqubo yokukhiqiza kuphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni kanye namabhizinisi omphakathi nawo athatha uchungechunge lwezindlela zokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezingokoqobo. Amanye amazwe nezifunda ziye zahlela imithetho eqinile ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki nokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokukhuthaza izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingokoqobo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokuvuselela kabusha kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezingcolile, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthuthukisa izinqubomgomo ezifanele futhi kusungulwe uhlelo lokuvuselelwa kabusha nokuvuselelwa kabusha okuvuthiwe.
Ekuphetheni, yize izikhwama zepulasitiki ze-biodegradable zinamandla amakhulu ekwehliseni ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, izindaba zabo zokusimamisa zisadinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokwenza ngcono. Ngokuthuthukisa ezinye izindlela eziluhlaza, ngcono izinhlelo zokuphinda usebenzise kabusha kanye nokulahla, kanye nokuqinisa izinqubomgomo nemigomo, singathatha isinyathelo esibalulekile sibheke ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki.
Isikhathi sePosi: UJul-21-2023
