Kuki leta zibuza ibikoresho bya plastiki?

Mu myaka yashize, guverinoma ku isi zafashe icyemezo gikomeye cyo kurwanya plastiki imwe ikoreshwa nk'ibyatsi, ibikombe, n'ibikoresho. Ibi bintu bya buri munsi, bimaze kugaragara nkibimenyetso byoroshye, ubu byahindutse impungenge zisi. Mu ntego zigaragara zo kugenzura harimoibikoresho bya pulasitike—Ibikoresho, ibyuma, ibiyiko, hamwe na stirrers bikoreshwa muminota mike ariko bikomeza ibidukikije mugihe cyibinyejana byinshi.

None, ni ukubera iki ibihugu byinshi bibabuza, kandi ni ubuhe buryo bundi bushoboka bwo gusimbuza plastiki?

1. Ibidukikije byishyurwa ryibikoresho bya plastiki

Ibikoresho bya plastiki mubusanzwe bikozwe muripolystirenecyangwapolipropilene, ibikoresho biva mu bicanwa. Nibyoroshye, bihendutse, kandi biramba - ariko ibi biranga cyane birabagora gucunga nyuma yo kujugunywa. Kuberako ari nto kandi yanduye ibisigazwa byibiribwa, ibikoresho byinshi byo gutunganya ntibishobora kubitunganya. Nkigisubizo, barangizaimyanda, inzuzi, inyanja, kumeneka muri microplastique ibangamira ubuzima bwinyanja no kwinjira murwego rwibiryo.

Dukurikije gahunda y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije (UNEP),toni zirenga miliyoni 400 z'imyanda ya pulasitikebyakozwe buri mwaka, kandi plastike imwe-ikoreshwa yerekana igice cyingenzi. Niba ibigezweho bikomeje, hashobora kuba plastike kuruta amafi yo mu nyanja muri 2050.

2. Amabwiriza Yisi Yose Kurwanya Gukoresha Plastike imwe

Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, guverinoma nyinshi zashyizehokubuza cyangwa kubuzaku bikoresho bimwe bya pulasitike n'amashashi. Dore ingero zimwe:

Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EU):UwitekaUmuryango umwe w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ryatangiye gukurikizwa muriNyakanga 2021, ibuza kugurisha no gukoresha ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa, amasahani, ibyatsi, hamwe na stirreri mu bihugu byose bigize uyu muryango. Intego ni uguteza imbere ubundi buryo bushobora gukoreshwa.

Kanada:MuriUkuboza 2022, Kanada yabujije kumugaragaro gukora no gutumiza mu bikoresho bimwe bya pulasitiki, ibyatsi, n’imifuka yo kugenzura. Kugurisha ibyo bintu byari bibujijwe na2023, nk'igice cy'igihuguImyanda ya plastike ya Zeru muri 2030gahunda.

Ubuhinde:KuvaNyakanga 2022, Ubuhinde bwashyize mu bikorwa igihugu cyose kibuza plastike imwe rukumbi, harimo ibikoresho n'amasahani, munsi yaAmategeko yo gucunga imyanda ya plastiki.

Ubushinwa:UbushinwaKomisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe iterambere no kuvugurura (NDRC)byatangajwe muri2020ko ibikoresho bya pulasitike hamwe n’ibyatsi bizakurwa mu mijyi minini mu mpera za 2022, no mu gihugu cyose muri 2025.

Amerika:Nubwo nta tegeko ribuza, leta n’imijyi byinshi byashyize mu bikorwa amategeko yabyo. Kurugero,California, New York, naWashington DCkubuza resitora guhita itanga ibikoresho bya plastiki. MuriHawaii, umujyi wa Honolulu wahagaritse burundu kugurisha no gukwirakwiza ibikoresho bya pulasitiki n’ibikoresho byinshi.

Izi politiki zigaragaza ihinduka rikomeye ku isi - kuva ku buryo bumwe bworohereza inshingano z’ibidukikije n’amahame y’ubukungu buzenguruka.

3. Niki kiza nyuma ya plastiki?

Ibibujijwe byihutishije guhanga udushyaibikoresho byangiza ibidukikijeirashobora gusimbuza plastiki gakondo. Mubindi byerekezo byingenzi harimo:

Ibikoresho bifumbira:Ikozwe mubikoresho bishobora kuvugururwa nka cornstarch, PLA (acide polylactique), cyangwa PBAT (polybutylene adipate terephthalate), ibicuruzwa biva mu ifumbire mvaruganda byateguwe kugirango bisenywe mubidukikije, nta bisigazwa byuburozi.

Ibisubizo bishingiye ku mpapuro:Byakoreshejwe cyane kubikombe nibyatsi, nubwo bifite aho bigarukira no kurwanya ubushuhe.

Amahitamo akoreshwa:Ibikoresho by'ibyuma, imigano, cyangwa silicone bitera inkunga gukoresha igihe kirekire n'imyanda ya zeru.

Muri ibyo,ibikoresho byo gufumbirabashimishijwe cyane kuberako bagereranya uburinganire hagati yuburyo bworoshye kandi burambye - bareba kandi bagakora nka plastiki gakondo ariko bigatwara bisanzwe muburyo bwo gufumbira.

4. Imifuka ifumbire mvaruganda nibikoresho - Ubundi buryo burambye

Guhinduka kuva muri plastiki ukajya mubikoresho bifumbire mvaruganda ntabwo bikenewe mubidukikije gusa ahubwo ni amahirwe yo kwiyongera kumasoko.Imifuka ifumbiren'ibikoreshobabaye kimwe mubisubizo bifatika byo kugabanya umwanda wa plastike, cyane cyane mubipfunyika ibiryo no kubitanga.

Imifuka ifumbire mvaruganda, kurugero, ikozwe muribiopolymers nka PBAT na PLA, irashobora kubora mumazi, dioxyde de carbone, nibintu kama mumezi make mubidukikije cyangwa ifumbire mvaruganda. Bitandukanye na plastiki isanzwe, ntabwo irekura microplastique cyangwa ibisigazwa byuburozi.

Nyamara, ibicuruzwa byukuri bifumbire bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwemewe nka:

TÜV Otirishiya (OK URUGO RUGIZWE / URUGANDA)

BPI (Ikigo cyibinyabuzima gishobora kwangirika)

AS 5810 / AS 4736 (Ibipimo bya Australiya)

5. ECOPRO - Uruganda rukora umwuga wimifumbire mvaruganda

Mugihe ibyifuzo byubundi buryo burambye byiyongera,ECOPROyagaragaye nkumushinga wizewe kandi wabigize umwuga waimifuka yemewe.

ECOPRO kabuhariwe mu gukora imifuka yujuje ubuziranenge bw’ifumbire mvaruganda, harimoBPI, TÜV, na ABAP AS5810 & AS4736 ibyemezo. Isosiyete ifatanya cyaneJinfa, umwe mubatanga ibikoresho bya biopolymer binini mubushinwa, byemeza ubuziranenge bwibikoresho fatizo kandi bikoresha neza.

Ibicuruzwa byimborera bya ECOPRO birakwiriye gukoreshwa byinshi - kuvaimifuka yimyanda yimifuka nibikapu byo kugura firime nibikoresho. Ibicuruzwa ntabwo byakozwe gusa kugirango byubahirize amabwiriza ya leta abuza plastiki gakondo ahubwo binagamije gufasha ubucuruzi n’abaguzi guhinduka neza bagana ubuzima bwiza.

Mu gusimbuza imifuka n'ibikoresho bya pulasitike hamwe na ECOPRO ifumbire mvaruganda, amasosiyete arashobora kugabanya ibirenge bya karubone kandi akerekana ubushake bwo kurengera ibidukikije.

6. Kureba imbere: Ahazaza hatarimo plastike

Guhagarika leta kubikoresho bya pulasitike ntabwo ari ibikorwa byikigereranyo gusa - ni intambwe zikenewe zigana iterambere rirambye. Berekana ko isi yose ibimenyeibyoroshye ntibishobora kuza kubiciro byisi. Igihe kizaza cyo gupakira no gutanga ibiryo kiri mubikoresho bishobora kugaruka neza muri kamere.

Amakuru meza nuko iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, hamwe na politiki ikomeye y’ibidukikije, bituma ubundi buryo burambye bworoshye kandi buhendutse kuruta mbere hose. Mugihe abaguzi barushijeho kwita kubidukikije kandi ibigo bifata ibisubizo byimborera nkibisubizo byatanzwe na ECOPRO, inzozi zigihe kizaza zitagira plastiki zigenda zegera ukuri.

Mu gusoza, kubuza ibikoresho bya pulasitike ntabwo ari ukugabanya ibicuruzwa gusa - ni uguhindura imitekerereze. Nukumenya ko amahitamo yacu ya buri munsi, kuva kumurongo dukoresha kugeza kumufuka twitwaje, twese hamwe duhindura ubuzima bwumubumbe wacu. Hamwe no kuzamuka kwifumbire mvaruganda hamwe nababikora bashinzwe nka ECOPRO, dufite ibikoresho byo guhindura iki cyerekezo mubihe birambye, bizenguruka.

Amakuru yatanzwe naEcoprokuhttps://www.ecoprohk.com/ni kubikorwa rusange byamakuru gusa. Amakuru yose kurubuga atangwa muburyo bwiza, ariko, ntiduhagarariye cyangwa garanti yubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose, bwerekanwe cyangwa bwerekanwe, kubijyanye nukuri, bihagije, bifite ishingiro, kwiringirwa, kuboneka cyangwa kuzuza amakuru ayo ari yo yose kurubuga. MUNSI NTA CIRCUMSTANCE TUGOMBA KUBONA UBURYO BWO KUBURA CYOSE CYANGWA CYANGWA CYANGWA CYANE CYANE CYANE CYANE KUBIKORESHWA BY'URUBUGA CYANGWA BISHINGIYE KU MAKURU YATANZWE KU RUBUGA. UKORESHEJE URUBUGA NUBWIZERE BWAWE KU MAKURU YOSE KURI URUBUGA BURUNDU KUBURYO BWAWE.

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