Nigute Biodegradable Ifumbire Yimbonerahamwe Yokurwanya Umwanda wa Plastike?

Mugihe leta kwisi yihutisha umuvuduko wo gukumira imyanda ya plastike, ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirikaifumbire mvarugandayabaye igisubizo cy'ingenzi ku ihumana ry’isi. Kuva mu Muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi,kuri Californiya ya AB 1080,n’Ubuhinde Amabwiriza y’imicungire y’imyanda ya plastike, urwego rw’amabwiriza ruteza imbere kwemeza abasimbura birambye mu nzego zose. Izi politiki zirahindura rwose imyitwarire yabaguzi ninganda no guteza imbere icyifuzo cyibicuruzwa bihuye namahame yubukungu bwizunguruka.

Siyanse inyuma yifumbire mvaruganda

Biodegradable& ifumbireibikoresho byo kumeza bikozwe mubikoresho bishingiye ku bimera nka krahisi y'ibigori, fibre y'ibisheke,cyangwa imigano, ishobora kubora ifumbire mvaruganda mu minsi 90-180 hashingiwe ku ifumbire mvaruganda. Bitandukanye na plastiki gakondo ibora muri microplastique, ibicuruzwa byemewe byifumbire (byemejwe na ASTM D6400, EN 13432 cyangwa BPI) birashobora kwemeza ibisigisigi byuburozi bwa zeru. Iyi nzitizi yubuzima ifunze ikemura ibibazo bibiri byingenzi: kugabanya plastiki zinjira mu nyanja no kugabanya gushingira ku bikoresho biva mu bicanwa biva mu kirere. Ku bigo, kubyemeraifumbire mvarugandantabwo ari igipimo cyo kubahiriza gusa, ahubwo ni ingamba zifatika zijyanye no guhindura indangagaciro zabaguzi.

Uburyo bwo kugenzura ningingo zingenzi zerekana icyemezo

Kugira ngo duhangane n’amabwiriza akomeye ku isi, hakenewe sisitemu isobanutse. Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi EN 13432 urasaba ko ibicuruzwa byangirika mu bice bitarenze 10% hejuru ya 2mm mu byumweru 12. Muri Amerika, icyemezo cya BPI gikoreshwa mu kugenzura ifumbire mvaruganda, mu gihe icyemezo cya AS 4736 cyo muri Ositaraliya gikoreshwa kugira ngo cyuzuze ibisabwa na gahunda y’igihugu ishinzwe gucunga imyanda. Kubirango, ibi byemezo ntabwo ari ubushake. Ku isoko ryuzuye imyitwarire ya "greenwashing", niyo ngingo yo gukomeza kwizerana. Guverinoma nazo zishimangira kugenzura ibirango. Urugero Amabwiriza y’ibihugu by’Uburayi arasaba ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ibimenyetso biramba.

Ni ngombwa cyane gutandukanya amagambo "biodegradable" na "compostable". Ibicuruzwa byose byifumbire mvaruganda birashobora kubora, ariko ntabwo ibicuruzwa byose bishobora kwangirika.Ibicuruzwa byangizazibora mu ifumbire ikungahaye ku ntungamubiri, igira uruhare mu buzima bw’ubutaka kandi ikora sisitemu ifunze.

Imbaraga zisoko: politiki yujuje ibisabwa

Umuvuduko wo guhagarika plastike watumye isoko ryo gupakira ifumbire mvaruganda ku isi, biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri miliyari 25 z'amadolari mu 2025. Abaguzi ubu bahitamo ibicuruzwa byerekana inshingano z’ibidukikije. Raporo yakozwe na Nielsen mu 2024 yasanze 68% by'abaguzi ku isi bakunda ibigo bishyigikira politiki ikomeye y’ibidukikije. Ihinduka ntabwo rigarukira kumurima wa B2C. Kurugero, ibihangange byokurya nka McDonald's na Starbucks byasezeranyije ko bizakuraho plastiki zikoreshwa mumwaka wa 2030, bikaba byaratumye hakenerwa byihutirwa insimburangingo zishobora kwagurwa.

Ibyiza byaifumbire mvaruganda

Usibye kubahiriza ibisabwa n'amategeko,ifumbire mvarugandaifite kandi inyungu zo gukora. Bitandukanye ninsimburangingo zimpapuro zikenera amazi adafite amazi, ashingiye ku bimeraifumbire mvarugandaikomeza imikorere yayo itangiza kwangiza ibinyabuzima byayo. Kuri resitora hamwe nabatanga serivise zokurya, ibi bivuze kugabanya ibiciro byo gucunga imyanda. Igiciro cyo kujugunya imyanda ifumbire mvaruganda ni 30% kugeza kuri 50% munsi yi plastiki gakondo. Byongeye kandi, ibirango bifata ibisubizo byunguka inyungu zo guhatanira; Abaguzi 72% bizera imishinga cyane mugihe basangiye inzira irambye yiterambere.

Ecopro Manufacturing Co., Ltd yiyemeje gushyigikira iyi mpinduka ku isi. Dutanga umusaruro-mwinshi, wemeweifumbire mvarugandano gupakira ibiryo byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga. Ibicuruzwa byacu bigamije gutangabisaimikorere nka plastiki gakondo utiriwe utwara ikiguzi cyibidukikije.

Niba ushaka ibicuruzwa byizewe byo gupakira ifumbire mvaruganda kandiifumbire mvaruganda, nyamuneka twandikire. Reka tuguhe igisubizo kirambye cyujuje ibisabwa nibiteganijwe kubakiriya.

Twandikire muburyo butaziguye kugirango tuganire kubyo usabwa.

("Urubuga") ni intego rusange yo gutanga amakuru gusa. Amakuru yose kurubuga atangwa muburyo bwiza, ariko, ntiduhagarariye cyangwa garanti yubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose, bwerekanwe cyangwa bwerekanwe, kubijyanye nukuri, bihagije, bifite ishingiro, kwiringirwa, kuboneka cyangwa kuzuza amakuru ayo ari yo yose kurubuga. MUNSI NTA CIRCUMSTANCE TUGOMBA KUBONA UBURYO BWO KUBURA CYOSE CYANGWA CYANGWA CYANGWA CYANE CYANE CYANE CYANE KUBIKORESHWA BY'URUBUGA CYANGWA BISHINGIYE KU MAKURU YATANZWE KU RUBUGA. UKORESHEJE URUBUGA NUBWIZERE BWAWE KU MAKURU YOSE KURI URUBUGA BURUNDU KUBURYO BWAWE.

(Inguzanyo:pigislmages)